Eupholidocidaris belli Kier, 1957
Plate: EuBe-10
Series: Pennsylvanian Group: Bend Formation: Marble Falls
Locale: Sloan Community County: San Saba Stage: Moscovian
Length: 85.8 mm (1st spec.) Width: 70.5 mm (1st spec.)
Specimens in photos: TX 12091a (Holotype?), TX 12089, TX 12090, TX 12091b
Repository: Non-vertebrate Paleo. Lab., Univ. of Texas
HOLOTYPE INFO:
Holotype: USNM 136451 (formerly BEG 12091a) — National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (Kier, 1957)
Locality: 2.5 miles southeast of Sloan Community, San Saba County, Texas (Kier, 1957)
Stratigraphy: Upper Marble Falls Limestone (Kier, 1957)
SYNONYMY
SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY – TAXONOMY
Class: Echinoidea Leske, 1778
Subclass: Perischoechinoidea M'Coy, 1849
Order: Echinocystitoida Jackson, 1912
Family: Lepidocentridae Lovén, 1874
Genus: EUPHOLIDOCIDARIS Kier, 1957
Species: Eupholidocidaris belli Kier, 1959
TYPE SPECIES: Eupholidocidaris belli Kier, 1957
DIAGNOSIS
Test large, flattened. Ambulacra narrow; plates primaries; pore-pairs uniserial. Interambulacra broad, with 7 columns of plates at the ambitus; plates imbricating. Spines small, longitudinally striated (Kier, 1957).
STRATIGRAPHICAL OCCURRENCE & DISTRIBUTION
Group: Bend
Formations: Marble Falls Formation (Kier, 1957)
Stratigraphic Units: Pennsylvanian; Atokan/Moscovian (Kier, 1957)
Counties: San Saba County
DESCRIPTION
TOP: Length, width, height: 85.8 mm L × 70.5 mm H
Top shape: Circular
Flatness: Specimens are all crushed ; Test flattened (Kier, 1957)
AMB: Amb shape: Ambs get very narrow at apical disk; widest at ambitus. Remain fairly wide near peristome
Amb plating: Plating very pronounced; appears to be in rows of 3 alternating arrangement of the primary plates which can create a zigzag or multi-column appearance despite being uniserial, with ridge down middle. . Plates are primaries (Kier, 1957).
INTERAMB: Interamb width: Twice width of ambs
Interamb plating: 5 plates (columns) at widest part; plating very pronounced . Kier (1957) notes 7 columns of plates at ambitus.
Imbrication: Plates imbricating (Kier, 1957)
PORE PAIRS: Shape: Round
Arrangement: Uniserial (Kier, 1957)
TUBERCLES: Primary tubercles: Very faint . Small, perforate, scrobiculate (Kier, 1957).
Granules: Granules cover most of plates
APICAL SYSTEM: Shape: Monocyclic
PERIPROCT (ANUS): Shape & Size: Triangular appearance due to crushing
Location: Offset of center
PERISTOME (MOUTH): Size: Twice the size of periproct
Shape: Appears 10-sided due to crushing
Lantern: Diameter about 20% of test diameter; hemi-pyramids small
SPINES: Shape: Small; widest at collar; pointed at ends
Ornamentation: Longitudinally striated (Kier, 1957)
SPECIMENS STUDIED & CONDITION
Holotype (TX 12091a/USNM 136451) and paratypes studied. All specimens crushed.
ETYMOLOGY: Named in honor of W. C. Bell (1911–1979), Department of Geology, University of Texas, who collected the specimens (Kier, 1957).
REMARKS & COMPARISONS
Remarks: Kier (1957) originally established the genus Eupholidocidaris for this species. Later, Kier (1965) determined that Eupholidocidaris was a junior synonym of Proterocidaris Koninck, 1881, reclassifying this species as Proterocidaris belli. The genus Eupholidocidaris was distinguished by its imbricate plates and uniserial pore pairs.
Plate: EuBe-10
Series: Pennsylvanian Group: Bend Formation: Marble Falls
Locale: Sloan Community County: San Saba Stage: Moscovian
Length: 85.8 mm (1st spec.) Width: 70.5 mm (1st spec.)
Specimens in photos: TX 12091a (Holotype?), TX 12089, TX 12090, TX 12091b
Repository: Non-vertebrate Paleo. Lab., Univ. of Texas
HOLOTYPE INFO:
Holotype: USNM 136451 (formerly BEG 12091a) — National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (Kier, 1957)
Locality: 2.5 miles southeast of Sloan Community, San Saba County, Texas (Kier, 1957)
Stratigraphy: Upper Marble Falls Limestone (Kier, 1957)
SYNONYMY
- Proterocidaris belli (Kier, 1957) (Synonymized by Kier, 1965)
SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY – TAXONOMY
Class: Echinoidea Leske, 1778
Subclass: Perischoechinoidea M'Coy, 1849
Order: Echinocystitoida Jackson, 1912
Family: Lepidocentridae Lovén, 1874
Genus: EUPHOLIDOCIDARIS Kier, 1957
Species: Eupholidocidaris belli Kier, 1959
TYPE SPECIES: Eupholidocidaris belli Kier, 1957
DIAGNOSIS
Test large, flattened. Ambulacra narrow; plates primaries; pore-pairs uniserial. Interambulacra broad, with 7 columns of plates at the ambitus; plates imbricating. Spines small, longitudinally striated (Kier, 1957).
STRATIGRAPHICAL OCCURRENCE & DISTRIBUTION
Group: Bend
Formations: Marble Falls Formation (Kier, 1957)
Stratigraphic Units: Pennsylvanian; Atokan/Moscovian (Kier, 1957)
Counties: San Saba County
DESCRIPTION
TOP: Length, width, height: 85.8 mm L × 70.5 mm H
Top shape: Circular
Flatness: Specimens are all crushed ; Test flattened (Kier, 1957)
AMB: Amb shape: Ambs get very narrow at apical disk; widest at ambitus. Remain fairly wide near peristome
Amb plating: Plating very pronounced; appears to be in rows of 3 alternating arrangement of the primary plates which can create a zigzag or multi-column appearance despite being uniserial, with ridge down middle. . Plates are primaries (Kier, 1957).
INTERAMB: Interamb width: Twice width of ambs
Interamb plating: 5 plates (columns) at widest part; plating very pronounced . Kier (1957) notes 7 columns of plates at ambitus.
Imbrication: Plates imbricating (Kier, 1957)
PORE PAIRS: Shape: Round
Arrangement: Uniserial (Kier, 1957)
TUBERCLES: Primary tubercles: Very faint . Small, perforate, scrobiculate (Kier, 1957).
Granules: Granules cover most of plates
APICAL SYSTEM: Shape: Monocyclic
PERIPROCT (ANUS): Shape & Size: Triangular appearance due to crushing
Location: Offset of center
PERISTOME (MOUTH): Size: Twice the size of periproct
Shape: Appears 10-sided due to crushing
Lantern: Diameter about 20% of test diameter; hemi-pyramids small
SPINES: Shape: Small; widest at collar; pointed at ends
Ornamentation: Longitudinally striated (Kier, 1957)
SPECIMENS STUDIED & CONDITION
Holotype (TX 12091a/USNM 136451) and paratypes studied. All specimens crushed.
ETYMOLOGY: Named in honor of W. C. Bell (1911–1979), Department of Geology, University of Texas, who collected the specimens (Kier, 1957).
REMARKS & COMPARISONS
Remarks: Kier (1957) originally established the genus Eupholidocidaris for this species. Later, Kier (1965) determined that Eupholidocidaris was a junior synonym of Proterocidaris Koninck, 1881, reclassifying this species as Proterocidaris belli. The genus Eupholidocidaris was distinguished by its imbricate plates and uniserial pore pairs.
